The Gigalight 100G CFP-DCO digital coherent optical transceiver is a hot-pluggable CFP form-factor optical module designed for high-speed optical networking applications including 100-Gigabit Ethernet and OTU4. The CAUI and OTL4.10 electrical interface and MDIO management interface are built in the module.

The 100G CFP-DCO module converts 10-lane 10Gb/s electrical data streams to 128G DP-QPSK optical output signal in Egress and also converts DP-QPSK optical input signals to 10-lane 10Gb/s electrical data streams in ingress. This 10-lane 10Gb/s electrical signal is fully compliant with 802.3ba CAUI specification and OIF-CEI-03.1 specification and allows FR4 host PCB trace up to 25cm.

Features

Operating optical data rate up to 128Gbps

Transmission distance up to 2000km

Low latency H-FEC/SD-FEC

CFP MSA compliant

IEEE 802.3ba MAC compliant

OTU4 and 100GE compatible

OTL4.10 and CAUI compatible

Full C-Band 50GHz ITU-T transmitter

Built-in Client and line OTN processing

Hot-pluggable electrical interface

Duplex LC receptacles

Operating case temperature range 0°C to +70°C

3.3V power supply voltage

RoHS-10 compliant (lead-free)

ZR/MR/LH options

Conclusion

Gigalight 100G CFP-DCO coherent optical transceivers have a high integration of product chip scheme, optimized the best performance in the industry and mature chip scheme, high product reliability, good product performance.

The product test of Gigalight coherent optical transceiver meets the 24 hours temperature cycle test without losing the package, ensuring the product quality stability and the lowest failure efficiency.

The Gigalight 40G QSFP+ ER4 40km optical transceiver is designed for 40GBASE-ER4 Ethernet and OTN OTU3 links reach up to 40km over Single-Mode Fiber (SMF).

Features

Hot-pluggable QSFP+ form factor
4 channels full-duplex transceiver module
4x uncooled CWDM DFB lasers and APD ROSA
Compliant with QSFP MSA, IEEE 802.3bm 40GBASE-ER4 and OTN OTU3
Data rate up to 44Gbps
Reach up to 40km over SMF
Low power consumption < 3.5W
Duplex LC receptacles
Operating case temperature range 0°C to 70°C
Single 3.3V power supply
RoHS compliant (lead-free)

Conclusion

The Gigalight 40G QSFP+ ER4 40km optical transceiver is designed for 40G Ethernet and OTN OTU3 links reach up to 40km over Single-Mode Fiber (SMF). It is compliant with the QSFP+ MSA, IEEE 802.3bm 40GBASE-ER4, and OTU3 requirements. The Gigalight technology enables the integration of 4 transmitters, 4 receivers and an optical MUX/DeMUX into a small form factor package.
Gigalight has successfully launched 40G QSFP+ ER4 40km optical transceivers that dependent on the company's high-speed APD packaging technology platform, filling the gap in 40G ultra-long-distance transmission in the telecom market.

The Gigalight 200G QSFP-DD PSM8 NRZ 10km optical transceiver (GDM-SPO201-LR8C) is designed for 2x 100G PSM4 Ethernet links reach up to 10km over Single-Mode Fiber (SMF).

Features

The 200G QSFP-DD PSM8 (dual PSM4) module integrates eight data lanes in each direction. Each lane can operate at 25.78Gbps up to 10km over G.652 SMF. It is designed to operate over single-mode fiber systems using a nominal wavelength of 1310nm. The electrical interface uses a 76-contact edge type connector. The optical interface uses a 24-fiber MTP/MPO connector. This module incorporates Gigalight proven circuit and optical technology to provide reliable long life, high performance, and consistent service.

Hot-pluggable QSFP-DD form-factor

8 channels full-duplex transceiver modules

8x 1310nm DFB array and PIN photo-detector array

Internal CDR circuits on both receiver and transmitter channels

Supports CDR bypass

Compliant with QSFP-DD MSA, 100G PSM4 MSA and InfiniBand DDR/EDR

Data rate up to 206Gbps

Reach up to 10km over G.652 SMF

Low power consumption < 6.5W

Single MPO24 receptacle

Operating case temperature range 0°C to 70°C

3.3V power supply voltage

RoHS compliant (lead-free)

Conclusion

The Gigalight 200G QSFP-DD PSM8 NRZ 10km optical transceiver is an eight-channel, hot-pluggable, parallel, fiber-optic QSFP Double Density module designed for 2x100-Gigabit Ethernet PSM4 and InfiniBand DDR/EDR applications. It is a high-performance module for data communication and interconnects applications.

The 200G QSFP-DD PSM8 (dual PSM4) module integrates eight data lanes in each direction. Each lane can operate at 25.78Gbps up to 10km over G.652 SMF. It is designed to operate over single-mode fiber systems using a nominal wavelength of 1310nm. The electrical interface uses a 76-contact edge type connector. The optical interface uses a 24-fiber MTP/MPO connector. This module incorporates Gigalight proven circuit and optical technology to provide reliable long life, high performance, and consistent service.

5G motivates the edge computing progress. Higher rate and higher density optical transceivers will be required.

Edge computing is the leading-edge technology for the next-generation data center. In the current period, edge computing is in the period of practice. It is important that how to develop edge computing and how to meet the needs of edge computing.

On Jun. 25, 2019, the OCP China Day hosted in Beijing, China by one OCP Platinum member, Inspur. The distinguished guests from Microsoft, Facebook, LinkedIn, Baidu, Tencent, and Inspur attended the conference. They share vital topics such as artificial intelligence, edge computing, and SONiC about various leading-edge technologies here. Among these topics, edge computing has been frequently mentioned, here we will discuss the development of 5G and edge computing.

 

Source: Inspur

Edge Computing

The emerging applications and exponential data growth have been driving cloud service to extend the edge. It is difficult to cope with all the data through the cloud service due to the requirements of low latency and the limitation of bandwidth, there is no doubt that edge computing is a good way to meet the requirements of latency and save bandwidth in the network.

The Latest Exploration and Practices in the Field for Edge Computing

In this OCP China Day, Nokia, China Mobile, Baidu, Inspur and others shared the latest exploration and practices in the field for edge computing.

The "DEC" (Device, Edge, Cloud）edge computing deployment has been proposed by Baidu. While Guangjun Xie, Baidu ABC Cloud Group Cloud Computing Department General said that the cloud will reconstruct the traditional cloud computing in the future.

Tomi Männikkö, Nokia Hardware Architect also shared their exploration and practices for edge computing. He said that the edge computing is close to the client end, so it is important to ensure client experience.

Of course, the distinguished guests from other companies delivered a speech about the topic of edge computing. Here will be not mentioned.

5G Driving the Development of Edge Computing

5G motivates the edge computing progress. The Upgrading of 5G transmission network hardware technology is relatively limited. After receiving the radio signal from the base station antenna, the backhaul and longhaul through the optical communication network. On the transmission side, the improvement of hardware technology in the 5G era is relatively limited. The hardware equipment of the transmission network is still dominated by high-level switches, gateways, optical transceivers, optical fiber and cable.

The Optical Transceiver Is One of the Cores in the 5G Development

The core of the optical transceiver is the laser chip and the signal processing chip. In the telecom application, there are some problems such as heat dissipation, power consumption, wavelength dispersion to solve in the medium and long-distance transmission.

At present, 100G optical transceivers are mainstream for telecom in the medium and long-distance transmission. 200G optical transceivers and 400G optical transceivers will be used in the late of 5G. The current port density is hard to improve efficiency for network capacity and performance. Edge computing will be a part of 5G providing compute and storage resources. The core benefits of edge solutions are low latency, high bandwidth, and trusted computing and storage.

Conclusion

The advent of 5G, there are new services such as automatic driving, VR/AR and other application scenarios with the demands of low latency and high bandwidth.  Smart cities and the industrial Internet also have security demands. As an important support platform for 5G business, edge computing plays an important role in 5G. 

The demands for low latency and high bandwidth of 5G edge computing will be accelerated the development of optical transceivers forwarding higher rate and higher density.

With the commercial use of cloud computing, big data and other new technologies, data center flow and bandwidth have an exponential increase. There is a huge opportunity for optical transceiver vendors.

At the same time, we can see that there are some differences in the application for optical transceivers between the data center and Telecom.

First of all, here will discuss the requirements for data center optical transceivers in detail.

The Requirements for Optical Transceivers

Low Cost

It's the foundation for data centers to use a large number of optical transceivers and the power of facilitating the data center development.

Low Power Consumption

It complies with the concept of human green development and promotes industrial development under the premise of protecting the environment.

High Speed

It meets the requirement of data communication such as cloud computing and big data.

High Density

It increases the number of optical transmission channels in unit space and achieves the purpose of improving data transmission capacity.

Short Period

It's the characteristics of the rapid development of recent data communications,  the general life cycle is 3-5 years.

Narrow Temperature

The data center optical transceivers are the indoor temperature and humidity control, hence the user proposed working temperature can be defined as 15 to 55 degrees between the narrow temperature range. This is a reasonable approach.

On the macro level, the data center optical transceiver market reasonably defines the life and working conditions of optical transceivers according to the requirements and fully optimizes the market for the cost performance of optical transceivers. Due to the open trend of several networks, this market has the characteristics of positivity and open, welcoming the characteristics of new technologies and the atmosphere of exploring new standards as well as application conditions. All of these provide excellent conditions for the development of data center optical transceiver technology.

The Key Technologies for Optical Transceivers

Non-Hermetic Package

As the cost of optical components (OSA) accounts for over 60% of the cost of optical transceivers, and the space for cost reduction of optical chips becomes smaller and smaller, the most likely cost reduction is the packaging cost. While ensuring the performance and reliability of optical transceivers, it is necessary to promote the packaging technology from the expensive hermetic package to the low-cost non-hermetic package. The key points of the non-hermetic package include the non-air tightness of the optical device itself, the optimization of the design of the optical components, the packaging materials and the improvement of the process. Among them, optical devices, especially lasers, are the most challenging. This is because if the laser device is not hermetic, the expensive hermetic package is not needed. Fortunately, in recent years several laser manufacturers have avowed that their lasers can be applied to non-airtight applications. In view of the large number of shipping data center optical transceivers, most of them are mainly non-hermetic package. It seems that the non-hermetic packaging technology has been well received by the data center optical transceiver industry and customers.

Hybrid and Integrated Technology

Under the drive of multi-channel, high speed and low power consumption demand, the same volume optical transceivers need to have more data transmission, and the photonic integration technology gradually becomes a reality. Photonic integration technology has a broader meaning: for example, based on the integration of silicon-based (planar optical waveguide hybrid integration, silicon photonics, etc.), based on the integration of indium phosphide. Hybrid and integrated technology usually refers to the integration of different materials. There is also the construction of partially free space optics and partially integrated optics called hybrid integration. The typical hybrid integrated active optical devices (laser, detector, etc.) are integrated into the passive optical path connection or some other function (points or wave, etc.) of the substrate (planar optical waveguide and silicon light, etc.). The hybrid integrated technology of optical components can be done very compactly, complying with the trend of miniaturization of optical transceivers, easy to use mature IC encapsulation process automation. It is beneficial to mass production, which is an effective technical method for recent data center optical transceivers.

Flip Chip Technology

Flip chip is a high-density chip interconnection technology from IC packaging industry. In the rapid development of optical transceivers today, the interconnection between short - shrinking chips is a valid option. It is better to weld optical chip directly onto the substrate through gold-gold welding or eutectic welding, which is much better than the high-frequency effect of gold wire bonding (short distance, small resistance, etc.). In addition to the laser, the heat generated by the laser is easily transferred from the solder to the substrate due to the proximity of the source area to the solder, which is helpful for improving the efficiency of the laser at high temperature. Because the backward welding is the mature technology of IC packaging industry, there are many kinds of commercial automatic reverse welding machines used in IC packaging. Optical components require optical path coupling, so the accuracy requirements are high. These years optical components processing with high precision inversion welding machine are very eye-catching and in many cases have realized the passive light, greatly improving the productivity. Due to the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency and high quality, the flip chip technology have become an important technology in the data center optical module industry.

Chip On Board Technology

COB (chip on board) technology also comes from the IC packaging industry, whose principle is through the rubber patch technology (epoxy die bonding) to fix chips or optical components on the PCB, and then gold wire bonding (wire bonding) uses the electrical connection, and lastly drip glue sealing on the top. Obviously, this is a non-hermetic package. The advantage of this process is that it can be automated. For example, the optical components can be viewed as a“chip” after it has been integrated by backloading and welding. Then the COB technology is used to fix it on the PCB. At present, COB technology has been widely adopted, especially in the use of VCSEL arrays in short distance data communication. The integrated silicon photonics can also be packaged by using COB technology.

Silicon Photonics Technology

The silicon photonics is a technology that discusses the technology and technique of optoelectronic devices and silicon-based integrated circuits, and science integrated into on the same silicon substrate. Silicon photonics technology will eventually go to photoelectric integration (OEIC: Opto - Electric Integrated Circuits), making the current separated photoelectric conversion (optical transceivers) into the local photoelectric conversion of photoelectric integration, further pushing the system integration. Silicon photonics technology can certainly do a lot of things, but for now, it's the silicon modulator. From the industry, the threshold of new technology into the market must be the performance and cost is competitive and the need for huge upfront costs of silicon photonics technology is really a big challenge. The data center optical transceiver market, due to the large demand concentration within 2 kilometers, with the strong requirements of low cost, high speed and high density, is suitable for a large number of applications of silicon photonics.

Conclusion

The traditional 100G optical transceivers have been very successful, and they are not easy to get a lot of silicon photons. However, at the rate of 200G or 400G, since the traditional direct modulation type is close to the limit of bandwidth, the cost of EML is relatively high, which will be a good opportunity for the silicon photonics. A large number of applications of silicon photons also depends on the openness and acceptance of technology in the industry. If taking into account the characteristics of silicon photonics when setting the standards and agreements or relaxing some indicators (wavelength, extinction ratio, etc.) on the premise of meeting the transmission condition, they will greatly promote the development and application of silicon photonics.

On Board Optics If OEIC is the ultimate photoelectric integration scheme, On–Board Optics is a technology between OEIC and optical transceivers. On–Board Optics move the photoelectric conversion function from the panel to the motherboard processor or to the associated electrical chip. By saving space and increasing the density, it also reduces the distance of the high-frequency signal, thus reducing the power consumption. On–Board Optics is primarily focused on the short-range multimode fiber used in the VCSEL array, but recently there is a scheme for using silicon photonics technology in single-mode fiber. In addition to the composition of the simple photoelectric conversion function, there are also the forms (co-package) that encapsulate the photoelectric conversion function (I/O) and the associated electrical chip (processing). Although On–Board Optics has the advantages of high density, the manufacturing, installation and maintenance costs are relatively high and are currently used in the field of supercomputing. It is believed that with the development of technology and the need of the market, onboard optics will gradually enter into the field of the optical interconnection of the data center.

In general, there are three ways of 25G access of server, namely DAC (Direct Attach Cable), optical transceiver and AOC(Active Optical Cable).

DAC can reach no more than 5m, so it is difficult to meet the requirements of cross-rack wiring distance.

The optical transceiver can reach up to 100m or more using multi-mode fiber, but the cost is high.

AOC is an Active Optical Cable. AOC can reach up to 30m at a reasonable cost.

Therefore, AOC cable is a good choice for cross-rack server access, which is more suitable for China's current data center rack power and network architecture. Here’s some information about the 25G AOC that you may be wondering about.

25G AOC provides a cost-effective solution for those same data center applications that require longer distance interconnect using active optical Ethernet technology. There are some advantages to 25G AOC.

The Advantages of 25G AOC

25G is the next trend from 10G to reduce the cost per Gbit/sec

25G provides 2.5 times the bandwidth of 10G using in the same SFP form factor

25G is ideal for data center top of the rack, wireless backhaul and enterprise interconnect applications

25G meets the newest server adapter requirements

10/25G transceivers are compatible with 10G, 25G, 40G and 100G transceivers

The Gigalight 25G SFP28 Active Optical Cables (AOCs) are direct-attach fiber assemblies with SFP28 connectors, compliant with 25G Ethernet IEEE 802.3by 25GBASE-SR standard. They are suitable for short distances and offer a cost-effective solution to connect within racks and across adjacent racks. The length is up to 70 meters using OM3 MMF and 100 meters using OM4 MMF. COB solution is used in the TX and RX.

The Highlights and Advantages of Gigalight 25G SFP28 AOC

Low power consumption<1W

The pre-FEC bit error ratio (BER) is guaranteed to meet E10-8 25.78125Gb/s@PRBS31, 55℃,  Better than the IEEE pre-FEC BER of less than 5 E-5.

Mature COB technology

Low Cost

High capacity, timely delivery

CE, UL,  RoHS, GR-468 test report

Active Optical Cables Market by Protocol Type

Ethernet

InfiniBand

HDMI PCI Express (PCIe)

Thunderbolt

Others

Application of AOC

Active Optical Cable assembly. Cable assemblies that use fiber–optic transceivers and fiber-optic interconnect to transmit high-speed serial data such as InfiniBand and Ethernet.

Data center

The data center is expected to lead the end-user segment of the active optical cable in recent years.

Active optical cables play a key role in the data center market. Active optical cables are largely used in the data center to meet the need for increased bandwidth and low power. The data center market also needs a broad portfolio of fiber optic modules to connect servers, switches, and storage, which is accomplished by an active optical cable. Therefore, the increase in the deployment of data centers is a key factor behind the growth of the active optical cable market.

High-Performance Computing

Consumer Electronics

Telecommunication

Global Key Region Production Market Share

China

China will be the leading country in the active optical cable market in the APAC region in recent years.

North America

North America is expected to hold the largest market share in recent years. Currently, North America holds the largest share of the active optical cable market. The U.S. invests heavily in the data center sector which is becoming a major hub for the integration of active optical cable. Huge numbers of the data center are seen in the U.S., where active optical cables are increasingly being used.

Europe

APAC

APAC is estimated to grow at the highest rate in the overall market till 2022. The data center and consumer electronics are major sectors driving the growth of the active optical cable market in the APAC.

RoW

Conclusion

Within the data center, AOCs continue to be deployed to optimize the existing infrastructure by providing higher data rates among servers, switches and storage facilities. Since China's data center AOC commercialization in 2013, Gigalight has successfully developed a series of rich and comprehensive product portfolios that meet the requirements of next-generation data centers. As one of the global AOC providers around the world, Gigalight has a complete product line includes SFP, QSFP, SFP-DD, CXP, QSFP-DD form factor. The latest product portfolios include the ultra-high-speed 400G QSFP-DD AOC, 200G QSFP-DD AOC, 200G QSFP56 AOC, and 100G QSFP28 AOC, etc.. Gigalight also provides data center customers with customized products and services to meet the more extreme requirements.

Since 2006, Gigalight has been dedicated to providing the best optical devices for telecom customers. Today, Gigalight has accumulated the most comprehensive portfolio of optical transceivers covering 100M to 400G optical transmission networks. These products adopt the latest form factors such as QSFP28, QSFP56 and QSFP-DD, as well as the latest PAM4 and coherent technologies. At the same time, Gigalight has also prepared the best solution for 5G commercials around the world, the proudest of which is the 10G/25G/100G industrial transceivers and 5G OMUX portfolio for 5G fronthaul.

Gigalight has always regarded product reliability as one of the most important indicators, and through long-term and large investment in R&D, it is now guaranteed that all products will achieve the best reliability within the GR standard of MTBF>20 years. Depending on the scaled production line and the automated production line being deployed, Gigalight has a strong supply capability and continues to reduce product costs by continually optimizing product design and production processes. At present, Gigalight has provided ultra-low-cost and ultra-high-performance optical transceivers and passive components to some of the world's leading carrier customers for 5G commercial networks.

5G OMUX

LWDM Series 5G OMUX

Gigalight's 5G OMUX LWDM Mux/Demux Module (25Gb/s per channel) is based on TFF platform. This LWDM features ultra-low loss and super thermal stability, and unparallel reliability. The module features up to 3 low dispersion channels, enabling it to be a high capacity, low-cost solution for LWDM system or WDM PON network applications. Easily customizable, Gigalight's LWDM module can be configured from a standard list of packaging and connector options.

DWDM Series 5G OMUX

3CH/6CH DWDM MUX/DEMUX

>Low Insertion Loss

>Hight Isolation

>Industrial Temperature Range

Gigalight's 5G OMUX DWDM Mux/Demux Module (100GHz channel-spacing) is based on TFF platform. This DWDM features ultra-low loss and super thermal stability, and unparallel reliability. The module features low dispersion channels, thereby enabling it to be a high capacity, low-cost solution for DWDM network applications. Easily customizable, Gigalight's DWDM module can be configured from a standard list of packaging and connector options.

To meet ever-growing bandwidth requirements of service provider and data center networks, 100 Gigabit Ethernet was officially standardized in July 2010 under IEEE 802.3ba. In response, Gigalight's engineers deliver industry-leading, standards-compliant, 100G pluggable optical transceivers.

This Multisource Agreement (MSA)-compliant, CFP modules help to provide connectivity options within service provider core networks, and from service provider networks to large data centers.

Modern data center traffic is becoming more and heavier, and east-west flow between servers if you haven't adopted the new two-tier Ethernet switching architecture called leaf-spin. They get you the highest density interconnects between data center switches and to the outside world. Let's see which ones belong where at the bottom we have the leaf switches and servers.

The 100G QSFP downlinks on the leaf switches break out into 425G QSFP connections one for each server copper cables are lowest cost solution for this distance typically less than 5m for the uplinks spine switches. We have some choices but as tied to the type of fiber cable infrastructure you choose or have already installed. If you have multimode fiber, you can use SR4 up to 100m, remember SR4 requires parallel fiber with MMF MPO connectors. For single mode fiber, you can use PSM4 or CWDM4. PSM4 goes up to 500m and CWDM4 goes up to 2km, don't forget the PSM4 is a parallel fiber format and uses SMS and MPO connectors if you only need 30m of reach the don't worry about installing fiber active optical cables will do the trick for the spine uplands to other data centers and data center layers use LR4 assuming you need up to 10km reach on doing fiber SMS CWDM4 works here too.

Short downlinks to 25G server ports can use copper breakout cables. Multimode fiber links between leaf and spine can be used SR4. Single mode fiber links between leaf and spine in either PSM4 or CWDM4.

The demand for the 100G optical transceiver by the 5G network is very urgent. At present, there are many kinds of mature 100G optical transceivers in the market such as 100G QSFP28 optical transceivers and 100G CFP-DCO optical transceivers provided by Gigalight. This article will introduce the optical transceivers can be provided by Gigalight for 5G fronthaul, midhual and backhaul, especially, 25G BiDi Fronthaul Solution, 100G QSFP28/200G QSFP56 Midhaul/Backhaul Solution.

First of all, let’s see the demand for optical transceivers by 5G.

Optical Transceivers for 5G Fronthaul( I-temp)

Product Name	Wavelength	Reach	Optical Interface	Fiber Type	Power Consumption
100G QSFP28 SR4	850nm	100m	MPO-12	MMF	＜2.5w
100G QSFP28 4WDM-10	LWDM	10km	Dual LC	SMF	＜3.5w
25G SFP28 SR	850nm	100m	Dual LC	MMF	＜1w
25G SFP28 LR	1310nm	10km	Dual LC	SMF	＜1.5w
25G SFP28 ER	1310nm	40km	Dual LC	SMF	＜2.5w
25G BiDi SFP28 LR (10km)	1270/1330nm	10km	Single LC	SMF	＜2.5w
25G BiDi SFP28 LR (20km)	1270/1330nm	20km	Single LC	SMF	＜2.5w
25G LWDM SFP28 ER Lite	LWDM	20km	Dual LC	SMF	＜2.5w
25G LWDM SFP28 ER	LWDM	30km/40km	Dual LC	SMF	＜1.5w
25G CWDM SFP28  LR	CWDM	10km	Dual LC	SMF	＜1.5w
25G DWDM SFP28 ER Lite	C-band 100GHz	20km	Dual LC	SMF	＜1.5w
10G DWDM SFP+ ER	C-band 100GHz	40km	Dual LC	SMF	＜1.5w
10G DWDM SFP+ ZR	C-band 100GHz	70km	Dual LC	SMF	＜2.5w

25G BiDi Fronthaul Solution

25G BiDi I-temp transceiver(-45℃~85℃)

Feature and Highlights

Compliant with the SFP28 MSA standard

Data rate up to 25Gbps

Operating case temperature range -40°C to 85°C

Low power consumption<1W

Precise synchronization, to meet the strict requirements for uRLLC (automatic driving)

The Gigalight 25G BiDi optical transceivers are designed for Bi-directional 25G serial optical data communications by using 1270nm transmitter and 1330nm receiver. It is a high-performance module for 25G Ethernet and Option 10 CPRI applications which operate up to 10km/20km. This module incorporates Gigalight Technologies proven circuit and technology to provide reliable long life, high performance, and consistent service.

Optical Transceivers for 5G Midhaul/Backhaul

Product Name	Wavelength	Reach	Optical Interface	Fiber Type	Power Consumption
200G QSFP56 FR4(PAM4)	CWDM	2km	Dual LC	SMF	＜5.5w
200G QSFP56 LR4(PAM4)	LWDM	10km	Dual LC	SMF	＜7w
100G QSFP28 LR4(100GE/OTU4)	LWDM	20km	Dual LC	SMF	＜3.5w
100G QSFP28 LR4(100GE/OTU4)	LWDM	40km	Dual LC	SMF	＜3.8w
100G CFP-DCO (w/ EDFA)	C-band 50GHz	120-1200km	Dual LC	SMF	＜29w
100G CFP-DCO (w/o EDFA)	C-band 50GHz	120-1200km	Dual LC	SMF	＜28w

100G QSFP28/200G QSFP56  Midhaul/Backhaul Solution

100G QSFP28 Optical Transceiver

Feature and Highlights

Cooled LAN WDM DFB transmitters and high sensitivity PIN receivers

Compliant with QSFP28 MSA, IEEE 802.3ba 100GBASE-LR4 and OTU4

Data rate up to 112Gbps

Operating case temperature range 0°C to70°C

Low power consumption<3.5W

High density and medium-and-long distance

200G QSFP56 Optical Transceiver(200G QSFP56 FR4 PAM4 2km)

200G QSFP56 FR4 (PAM4)

Feature and Highlights

Compliant with QSFP56 MSA and IEEE 802.3bs 200GBASE-FR4

Data rate up to 212Gbps (PAM4)

Operating case temperature range 0°C to 70°C

Low power consumption < 4.5W

Conclusion

Although the current 5G is still in the standard stage, major equipment manufacturers have actively carried out joint trials with operators to strive to achieve 5G commercial use by 2020. Recently, the ministry of industry and information technology issued 5G licenses to four enterprises. It means that 5G has started in China.

Compared with 4G technology, the 5G data transmission rate is 10 to 100 times that of 4G, which means that the number of optical transceivers used by a single base station will increase substantially when the optical transceiver rate remains unchanged.

>Under the 5G era, the optical transceiver will become one of the most flexible segments in the 5G industry chain. In addition, the demand for optical transceivers for the construction of large-scale data centers will also increase with the outbreak of 5G traffic.

AOC is composed of integrated optoelectronic devices for high-speed, high-reliability interconnected transmission device between data centers, high-performance computers, and large-capacity memory devices. It usually meets the industry standard electrical interface and transmits data by the superiority of fiber optic cable and electrical-to-optical conversion.

While AOC reaches can extend to the limits of the optical technology used (100-200m), installing a long 100m cable, complete with an expensive transceiver end, is difficult in crowded data center racks so the average reach typically used is between 3-30m. Only one “oops” per cable allowed. Damaging the cable means replacing it as it cannot be repaired in the field. AOCs are typically deployed in open access areas such as within racks or in open cable trays for this reason.

Gigalight 25G SFP28 Active Optical Cables (AOCs) are direct-attach fiber assemblies with SFP28 connectors, compliant with 25G Ethernet IEEE 802.3by 25GBASE-SR standard. They are suitable for short distances and offer a cost-effective solution to connect within racks and across adjacent racks. The length is up to 70 meters using OM3 MMF and 100 meters using OM4 MMF.

The Advantages of Gigalight 25G SFP28 AOC

Low power consumption <1W

The pre-FEC bit error ratio (BER) is guaranteed to meet E10-8 25.78125Gb/s@PRBS31, 55℃,  Better than the IEEE pre-FEC BER of less than 5 E-5.

Mature COB technology

Low Cost

High capacity, timely delivery

CE, UL,  RoHS, GR-468 test report

Conclusion

The power and cost savings caught the eye of the Ethernet hyperscale and enterprise data center builders and has since become a popular way to link Top-of-Rack switches upwards to aggregation layer switches such as End-of-Row and leaf switches. Several hyperscale companies have publicly stated their preferred use of AOCs for linking Top-of-Rack switches. Additionally, single channel (SFP) AOCs have become very popular in high-speed, NVMe storage subsystems. Some hyperscale builders often run 10G or 25G AOCs from a Top-of-Rack switch to subsystems at reaches greater than DAC limits of 3-7m.

It is crucial that the ability of continuous innovation is the source of sustainable development for a company. Gigalight is able to provide cost-effective products keeping up the times for customers. Gigalight designs products that meet the increasing demands for network bandwidth, data storage and so on. As an innovator in optical communication, Gigalight delivers specialist service, dependability and performance at competitive prices.

Gigalight has founded in 2006, is headquartered in Shenzhen, China. We have opened the Wuhan R&D Center in 2017. And we have representative offices in Russia, Taiwan. North America, Europe and India centers are in preparation. We cooperate with key channel distribution partners around the world.

We mainly focus on Internet operators such as Baidu, Alibaba, China Unicom, China Telecom and other traditional operators as well as data communications equipment manufacturers in China. Our overseas markets center on telecommunication, Internet operators and equipment suppliers in North America, Russia, Brazil, Israel, India, etc.

Our Innovation Road

In 2006–2009, Gigalight was committed to the R&D and production of optical components (from 100Mb to 10Gb/s) and built the global channel market of optical transceivers.

In 2010–2011, Gigalight launched 10G/40G/120G active optical cables for data center and high-performance computing applications.

In 2012–2013, Gigalight entered the passive optical components market and HD video communication market.

In 2014–2015, Gigalight completed the commercialization of its 10G/40G active optical cables in the data center.

In 2016–2017, Gigalight began to offer 25G/100G optical modules and active optical cables to customers worldwide.

In 2018, Gigalight was committed to large-scale production of 100G optical transceivers and accelerates the development of 200G/400G data center optics, coherent optics, 5G optical transceivers and 5G custom passive optical components.

In 2019, Gigalight is committed to developing 5G and the Next–Generation Data Center optical interconnection market.

At present, we obtained 5 items software copyright, invention patent more than 10 items and national patent total more than 100 items. The Gigalight R&D department has about 150 engineers which account for 25% of the company. And most of them are Master Degree or above.

Innovative Design Concept

Conciseness

Creative optical engine design

Creative automatic producing

Aesthetics

Updated ID design

Updated Layout design

Reliability

Complete FEMA design

Complete TR-468 qualified

Uniformity

Performance uniformity

Continue developing

Our Creations

Optics Micro Design

Reliability Design of Hardware

Uniformity Design

Visual Manufacturing and Cloud Design

Our Strengths

Gigalight will also continue developing its automatic production line, a creative production solution including Array Eutectic Soldering and a Passive coupling system, which it hopes will lead to a 200% increase in production capacity. These new processes should bring more products to the market in 2019.

Conclusion

Gigalight have achieved remarkable growth and wide recognition around the world based on the decade's experiences.

At present, we have successfully developed 200G AOC and 400G AOC products based on PAM4 modulation technology. And we also developed mini TO platform with innovate design, which greatly reduced the cost for 40G/100G/200G SM products. The self-research project has made a great success in the automated production line. At the same time, a great breakthrough has been made in the coherent field, 100G CFP–DCO digital coherent optical transceiver with ultralow power consumption have been successfully developed. In 2019, Gigalight will commit to the next–generation data center, 5G and so on.

The backbone optical communication networks are an essential infrastructure supporting the networked society. They are used for the internet phone and video demand services and for business activities and public services and offices in order to provide more stress–free communication and better services.

Here introduce 100G technology a 100 gigabit per second digital coherent optical receiver which can be used to transmit 10 terabits per second of data over a single fiber.

What Is Digital Coherent Transmission Technology?

Let's outline the history of the technical development that allows us to send a large capacity of information over an optical fiber before explaining this.

Time–Division Multiplexing

The first development was the use of time–division multiplexing. This made it possible for a single fiber to carry data at 10 gigabits per second.

Wavelength–Division Multiplexing

The next–generation was to adopt wavelength–division multiplexing by using 40 wavelengths each capable of 40 gigabits per second transmission it became possible to send 1.6 terabits per second of data over a single fiber.

Digital coherent Transmission

Now comes digital coherent transmission which is the most attention-grabbing technology today. This technology increases transmission capacity by using optical phase and polarization information the receiver extracts information by mixing the received light with a light from a local light source. Since a laser beam is normally polarized, it is possible to double the transmission capacity by using two orthogonal E polarized waves as different channels. In addition, instead of using binary values of on and off.

 

This technology makes use of four values of optical phase information thereby further doubling the transmission capacity. Consequently, the volume of information that can be carried is quadrupled.

We have implemented a system base on 28 to 32 gigabit per second transmission. We have doubled the transmission capacity by using phase information and further doubled it by using polarization information thereby achieving 100 gigabits per second transmission over a single wavelength by using about 100 wavelengths. It is possible to achieve 10 terabits per second transmission on a single optical fiber.

An optical receiver receives the phase and polarization information of digital coherent optical signals. It consists of three elements a passive optical circuit which is a silica base planar lightwave circuit or PLC a high–speed photodiode or PD array which is an optical semiconductor and a transimpedance amplifier which is a high–speed electronic device. This means that to implement a high-quality optical receiver. It is necessary to integrate silica-based PLC technology, optical semiconductor technology and high–speed electronic device technology.

Conclusion

Coherent optics provides the performance and flexibility to transport significantly more information on the same fiber. Coherent optical technology forms the foundation of the industry’s drive to achieve transport speeds of 100G and beyond, delivering terabits of information across a single optical fiber. And coherent optics enables greater network flexibility and programmability by supporting different baud rates and modulation formats. This results in greater flexibility in line rates, with scalability from 100G to 400G and beyond per single signal carrier, delivering increased data throughput at a lower cost per bit.

Gigalight 100G CFP-DCO Digital Coherent Optical Transceiver is a hot-pluggable CFP form-factor optical module designed for high-speed optical networking applications including 100-Gigabit Ethernet and OTU4. The CAUI and OTL4.10 electrical interface and MDIO management interface are built in the module.

The 100G CFP-DCO module converts 10-lane 10Gb/s electrical data streams to 128G DP-QPSK optical output signal in Egress and also converts DP-QPSK optical input signals to 10-lane 10Gb/s electrical data streams in ingress. This 10-lane 10Gb/s electrical signal is fully compliant with 802.3ba CAUI specification and OIF-CEI-03.1 specification and allows FR4 host PCB trace up to 25cm. Gigalight is committing to develop the 100G CFP-DCO module to provide innovative and cost-effective products for the customer.

SFP stands for Small Form-Factor Pluggable. It is a compact, hot-pluggable transceiver used for both telecom and datacom applications.

SFP module has two ports, one port has laser inside, which is the transmitter side. The other port has a photodetector inside, which is the receiver side. So basically, SFP is a transceiver module, since it has transmitter and receiver in a single unit.

Which Components Make Up the SFP Optical Module?

The SFP optical module is composed of laser, circuit board IC and external accessories. The external accessories include shell, unlocking part, buckle, base, gripper, rubber plug, PCBA, and the color of gripper can help you to identify the parameter type of the module. For the types of SFP module, there are many types for SFP module such as BIDI-SFP, Electrical interface SFP, CWDM SFP, DWDM SFP, SFP+ transceivers and so on. In addition, for the same type of XFP, X2, XENPAK optical transceivers, SFP optical transceivers can not only be directly connected with it, but also have the feature of lower cost than it.

How Are the SFP modules used on the PCB board?

The following picture shows a perspective view of the SFP module, so you can clearly see its mechanical outlines.

Gigalight 10G SFP+

SFP module's mechanical interface and electrical interface are specified by a multi-source agreement, also called MSA.

MSA is an industrial group composed of many network component vendors, such as Finisar, Fujikura, Lucent, Molex, Tyco, etc.

Engineers from these major vendors came together and made a design that everybody agreed upon. So based on this MSA specification agreement, these companies can make products that can work together in a system without compatibility issues. It is almost like an industry standard.

SFP was designed based on the bigger GBIC interface, but SFP has a much smaller footprint in order to increase port density. That is why SFP is also called mini-GBIC.

SFP modules are classified based on the working wavelength and its distance reach. Let's take a look at the list here.

For multimode fibers, the SFP module is called SX. SX modules use 850nm wavelength. The distance that the SX module supports depends on the network speed. For 1.25 Gbps, the reach is 550 meters. For 4.25 Gbps, SX modules support 150 meters.

For single mode fibers, there are a lot of choices. I am listing the most common types here.

LX modules use 1310nm wavelength laser and support up to 10km reach. ZX modules use 1550nm wavelength laser, and supports reach up to 80km. ZX modules also use 1550nm laser but support up to 120km reach.

There are also CWDM and DWDM SFP modules, which use multiple wavelengths in the module to support even more bandwidth and distance.

And don't forget, the MSA also defined a SFP module based on the UTP twisted pair copper cables. But this SFP module currently only supports Gigabit Ethernet.

Traditional SFP modules support the speed up to 4.25 Gbps. But an enhanced version, which is called SFP+, supports up to 10Gbps, and is becoming more popular on 10Gigabit Ethernet and 8Gbit Fibre Channel.

SFP transceivers are used on all types of network applications, including telecommunication, data communication, Storage Area Network.

On the protocol side, there are SFP modules that support SONET/SDH, Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel, Optical Supervisory Channel, and more.

Conclusion

Gigalight is committing to providing cost-effective products for customers. 10G optical modules such as 10G SFP+, 10G CWDM SFP+, 10G DWDM SFP+ can be provided by Gigalight. Gigalight has been investing in the development of colored (CWDM/DWDM) transceivers which have been widely sold around the world. You can find more relevant information from Gigalight's official website.